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What is an El Nino and how Should you Prepare?

El Nino Southern Oscillation, or ENSO, is a tropical weather pattern that occurs roughly once every three to seven years. An ENSO weather pattern is characterized by the above average warming of the surface temperature of the waters in the eastern portion Pacific Ocean. This warming pattern results in extreme weather, such as droughts and floods, in many areas of the world.

In the northern hemisphere, the areas most prone to the effects of an El Nino are in the US and Mexico. The northwestern and northeastern US will typically experience mild winters. Areas in the southeast US, including parts of northern Mexico and the Tidewater region of Virginia, experience both wetter and cooler than average winters.

During an El Nino, normal rainfall and atmospheric circulation patterns are disrupted. This immediately causes cloudiness and heavy rainfalls in the northwestern portions of the US and parts of Canada, which can cause flooding during the winter and spring season. Winters and springs in the northern hemisphere are unusually warm and mild; elsewhere, rainfall is significantly reduced causing widespread drought. The long-term effects of this weather pattern can cause abnormally dry conditions all over the world. This dry weather impacts areas stretching from northern Brazil into the Far East, causing destruction in Indonesia, Malaysia and northern Australia.

In the northern hemisphere, the main concern with ENSO is flooding. The flooding associated with ENSO can be emotionally and financially devastating for many families. If an ENSO weather pattern is predicted, there are steps you can take to help prepare your home and family.

Make an itemized list of personal property, which includes clothing, furnishings and valuables. Take photographs of your home, both inside and out, and store in a safe place. This will help an insurance adjuster to settle any claims and to help prove uninsured losses.

Form an evacuation plan. The key to surviving an El Nino flood is to learn the safest route away from your home to a safe area, in case you need to evacuate in a hurry. Without an evacuation plan, you might turn from evacuees into refugees.

Prepare a cache of emergency supplies. This includes keeping a set of emergency cooking equipment, food, fresh batteries, flashlights and portable radios in good working order. If you live in an area prone to flooding, keep a steady supply of plywood, plastic sheeting and sandbags to protect your property.

Purchase flood insurance ahead of time. Often, flooding is not covered under natural disaster insurance, and will require a separate insurance policy specifically for flooding. Contact your insurance provider about flood insurance. Don't wait until the rains come to apply! Most insurance companies have a 30 day waiting period before this policy can be effective. Keep your insurance policies and itemized list of personal property in a safe location.

By following these steps and keeping up-to-date on the latest El Nino developments, you and your family will be prepared, should the worst happen.
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